In its ninth iteration, the MAK Center's Garage Exchange Vienna-Los Angeles exhibition series brings together former artist-in-residence
Karina Nimmerfall and Los Angeles-based artist
Morgan Fisher. Looking back at housing and urban planning in the U.S., the two artists revisit two historical moments: the dreams of home ownership via mass-produced, modular houses like those of architect, engineer, and city planner Howard T. Fisher and his company General Houses, Inc. in the 1930s; and, two decades later, the losing battle for a community-based modernism in the form of social housing, represented by the abandoned master plan for Richard Neutra and Robert Alexander's Elysian Park Heights housing project in Chavez Ravine.
With the installation 1953.
Possible Scenarios of a Discontinued Future, Nimmerfall creates a multi-layered investigation into an unrealized social vision for a new modernist utopia-conceived of as a city within a city for a working class population of 17,000-on the site of the displaced communities of La Loma, Palo Verde, and Bishop. Intended as a prototype for future low-cost housing, the controversial project was met with a highly publicized attack on public housing, where anti-socialist polemic, private developers, real estate lobbyists, and the media all came together not only to dominate public opinion, but also to affect the housing debate on a national level. After years of detailed preparation, the visionary plan for Elysian Park Heights was scrapped in 1953, and replaced by plans for Dodger Stadium, and private enterprise in general. The story of this housing project exemplifies the end, as well as the beginning, of a new era. After World War II, the socially concerned modernism of the left emerged from its own battles with a new corporate aesthetic and a much moreambivalent ideology, giving way to neo-liberal urban development practices.
Beginning with present day footage filmed on location at the former site of Neutra's progressive, yet later razed Channel Heights housing project (San Pedro, 1942), Nimmerfall's short film traces history forward to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Elysian Park, and Dodger Stadium, as well as to Neutra's own house in Silver Lake, "projecting" the various built architectures into the site once designated for Elysian Park Heights. Inserted into an architectural installation based on abstract fragments of Neutra's design, the film is accompanied by a fictional narrative with a script assembled from historic quotes taken from a variety of archival sources. Put into dialogue with one another, the quotes formulate a lively discussion, bringing to life the opposing ideas and heated atmosphere at that specific time. Through this
overlap of text, film, and installation, Nimmerfall creates a portrait of an actual, yet imaginary, space that offers a range of visions relating to the city's geographic and cultural past, present, and future.
In conversation with Nimmerfall's installation, Morgan Fisher's painting 4 (
Silver Gray, Sky Blue, Terra Cotta, Red) displays an enlarged facsimile of a paint chip showing color combinations from the booklet
Exterior and Interior Color Beauty, a publication produced around 1935 by General Houses, Inc. Founded in 1932 by the artist's father, General Houses aimed to design, sell, distribute, and erect low-cost, high-quality prefabricated homes, in an attempt to reinvent the American homebuilding industry. Howard T. Fisher's idea was to create a system that made it possible to build houses the way General Motors built cars, setting up a business model where production was substituted by coordination and management; different components were made by different companies and assembled on site, a process aimed to make houses affordable for everyone. Although General Houses did not
succeed in the mass market, it nevertheless represents one of the first attempts in the U.S. to make modern, industrialized houses available to all.
A color consultant was employed to choose the colors found in Exterior and Interior Color Beauty, in order to create combinations that were considered pleasing, and which would harmonize and coordinate with each other. The combinations formulate a sequence that the booklet calls a "color-flow" for an entire house, rationalizing relationships amongst colors in the realm of the decorative. At the root of such rationalization was the imperative to limit choice, to simplify, and to streamline. With Morgan Fisher's discovery of the booklet and the actual paint chips, along with his strategic desire to make work that escapes the pitfalls of composition, he has created a visual reverberation emanating from industrial production's intricate and complicated history of standardization.
About the artists
Los Angeles-based artist Morgan Fisher achieved widespread recognition in the early 1970s for his experimental films that deconstructed the language of cinema both as physical material and as a set of production methods and technical procedures. Since the late 1990s, Fisher has focused his attention on the problems and possibilities of painting, by questioning and reframing the subtle conventions of the medium with an equally rigorous self-reflexivity. Recent solo exhibitions were held at the Generali Foundation, Vienna; Aspen Art Museum (2012); Raven Row, London; Museum Abteiberg, Mönchengladbach (2011); and Portikus, Frankfurt/Main (2009).
Karina Nimmerfall is a Berlin-based, Austrian artist whose projects engage questions of architecture, space, and urban structures, as well as their conditions within cultural systems of representation and various concepts surrounding the construction of reality, memory, and history. Nimmerfall's work has been presented at Kunstpavillon, Innsbruck (2015); Kunsthaus Graz (2012); Las Cienegas Projects, Los Angeles (2011); BAWAG Contemporary, Wien; Kasseler Kunstverein (2009);
Göteborgs Konsthall and Galerie Stadtpark, Krems; (2008); Bucharest Biennale 3 (2008), and the 8th Havana Biennale (2003).
About Garage ExchangeIn order to expand the cultural exchange at the core of the Artists and Architects-in-Residence program, The Austrian Federal Chancellery and the MAK Center invite Austrian and Vienna-based alumni residents to collaborate with L.A. artists and architects of their choosing at the Garage Top at the Mackey Apartments for the Garage Exchange Vienna-Los Angeles exhibition series.
This exhibition series is made possible by The Austrian Federal Chancellery.
Previous exhibitions at the Mackey Garage Top:
Marko Lulic & Sam Durant
12.11.2015–5.3.2016
James Benning, and Nicole Six & Paul Petritsch. Fictitious Tales about the History of Earth
1.5.–29.8.2015
Andreas Fogarasi & Oscar Tuazón. Black Earth
7.11.2014–28.2.2015
Gerhard Treml & David Lamelas & Kaucyila Brooke. The Eden's Edge Project
18.4.2014–16.8.2014
Constanze Ruhm & Christine Lang and First Office
8.11.2013–1.3.2014
Bernhard Sommer & Neil M. Denari. Smooth Matter
19.04.2013–10.08.2013
Hans Schabus & The Center for Land Use Interpretation. Double Crossings
16.11.2012–2.3.2013
Sonia Leimer & Stephanie Taylor with Barbara Hammer. Bend a Bow
5.6.–22.9.2012
